Rosatom Initiates Talks with US on Small Nuclear Reactors for AI Data Centers

Russia’s state nuclear corporation, Rosatom, is seeking to address America’s energy needs for AI data centers through potential cooperation involving small nuclear reactors. The discussions were revealed by Kirill Dmitriev, head of the Russian Direct Investment Fund, during the Russian Energy Week conference on October 16, 2026.

Rosatom is considering two types of compact nuclear technology: small modular reactors (SMRs) and microreactors. These technologies are designed to provide dedicated, continuous electricity sources for facilities requiring significant power. While the talks are in a preliminary phase, no formal agreements or specific project details have been disclosed, including potential US partners or financing structures.

Dmitriev acknowledged the challenges posed by US sanctions, which complicate payment processes and could hinder the initiative's progress. However, he expressed a cautiously optimistic view, suggesting a thaw in relations between the two nations.

Rosatom has ambitions to capture 15-20% of the global SMR market by 2030, focusing on high-demand applications. The discussions with the US follow a recent agreement on diesel fuel exports, indicating a potential shift towards broader economic cooperation despite geopolitical tensions.

Key factors to monitor include any public confirmation of US participation, changes in sanctions policy, and the progress of Rosatom’s domestic microreactor program in collaboration with MEPhI university.